Number Systems & Conversions

Notes: Number Systems and Conversions (CS2640)

Decimal to Binary

Q1: Convert to binary.

Q2: Convert to binary.

Q3: Convert to binary.

Binary to Decimal

Q4: Convert to decimal.

Q5: Convert to decimal.

Q6: Convert to decimal.

Binary to Hexadecimal

Q7: Convert to hexadecimal.

Q8: Convert to hexadecimal.

Q9: Convert to hexadecimal.

Positional Notation

Q10: Rewrite in positional notation.

Q11: Rewrite in positional notation.

Q12: Rewrite in positional notation.

Q13: Rewrite in positional notation.

Binary Range

Q14: How many bits do you need to represent values?

Q15: What is the biggest number you can represent with bits?

Binary Groupings

Q16: What is the smallest addressable unit of information?

Q17: What is a byte?

Q18: What is a word?

Binary Operations

Notes: Binary Operations (CS2640)

Bit Shifts

Q19: What happens to a binary number when you shift left bits?

Q20: What is the difference between logical and arithmetic shift?

Q21: Which shift should you use to divide a integer?

Sign Extension

Q22: What are the steps to converting an unsigned binary number to two’s complement?

Q23: Find the 8-bit two’s complement of

Q24: Find the 8-bit two’s complement of

Q25: Convert the two’s complement bit pattern to decimal:

Q26: Convert the two’s complement bit pattern to decimal:

Q27: Perform using binary addition.

Q28: Perform using binary addition and twos complement.

Computer Systems

Notes: Computer Systems (CS2640), Von Neumann (CS2640)

Q29: Which is NOT a main functional unit of the CPU?

1. Register File
2. Memory Unit
3. Control Unit
4. Arithmetic and Logic Unit

Q30: During the execution of a program, what is the primary function of the PC (Program Counter)?

1. Store the result of each instruction
2. Maintain a count of the clock cycles
3. Manage the CPU’s power supply
4. Keeps track of the memory address of the next instruction

Q31: Which of the following statements best describes the von Neumann architecture?

1. Separate memory units for data and instructions
2. Allows parallel processing of data and instructions
3. Uses a single memory unit for both data and instructions
4. Relies solely on cache memory for data storage

Q32: What are the three phases of the execution cycle in the CPU? What registers are used in each phase?

Q33: What are three factors affecting performance?

Q34: What is a buffer?

Q35: What do RISC and CISC stand for?

Q36: What are the basic functional units of a computer?

Q37: List the three busses.

Q38: How much memory can a CPU with n address lines hold?

Q39: How much memory can a 32-bit CPU hold?

MIPS Architecture

Notes: MIPS Architecture (CS2640)

Instruction Set Architecture

Notes: ISA (CS2640)

Assembler, Linker, Loader

Notes: Assembler, Linker, Loader (CS2640)

MIPS Assembly

Notes: MIPS Assembly (CS2640)

Assorted Questions

Q39: Fill in the memory accesses needed for the following instructions:

Q40: Instruction Set Architecture is __

1. A bus specification
2. Abstract model of a computer
3. The building block of a computer
4. Instructions processed by the control unit

Q41: Why do we use assembly language?

1. Speed and size of the program is critically important.
2. Assembly language is easy to read.
3. Access to specialized instructions that are not available in high-level language
4. Assembly language is machine independent

Q42: What are the parts/fields in a machine instruction?

Q43: What are the different types of MIPS instruction formats? What field do they all share?

Q44: What is an assembler directive?

Q45: Which is the following is NOT a pseudo-instruction?

1. li $t1, 0
2. li $ao, hello
3. move $to, $t1
4. addi $t0, $t1, 0

Q46: translate the following pseudocode to assembly. c and f are memory locations.

c=5*(f-32)/9

lw  $t0, f
sub $t0, $t0, 32
mul $t0, $t0, 5
div $t0, $t0, 9
sw  $t0, c